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Ro-ràdh
Vowels
Consonants
Fricatives
Slenderisation
Lenition
Pre-aspiration
Diphthongs
Helping Vowel
Hiatus
L, N, R
Rt& Rd
Vowels before
rr, ll, nn
Unstressed Vowels
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Tuilleadh
Chonsan - Suathaich
More Consonants - Fricatives
In English
when we write h after t, d, c, g, p, s, w, we form new
sounds th, dh, ch, gh, ph, sh, wh. The letter h is
used far more systematically in this way in Gaelic than in English.
It is important to note that when h is added to a consonat in
Gaelic, the resulting consonant is never pronounced as in English.
When h is added to the consonants (b, m, c, d, g, p, t, s),
we call the resultant sound a fricative. Once again we must
distinguish between broad and slender fricatives. Only the following
9 consonants may have h written after them:
Download suathaich01
Broad:
|
b →
bh |
v |
Like
English <v> |
bha,
bho, falbh |
|
m
→ mh |
v |
Like
English <v> |
mhàthair,
mhór, amh (like 'af') |
|
c
→ ch |
x |
Like
German <ch> in <Bach> |
loch,
chaidh, salach |
|
d
→ dh |
ɣ |
Voiced
version of <ch> |
dh'fhàg,
dhomh, cladh, 'seadh, bualadh |
|
g
→ g |
ɣ |
Voiced
version of <ch> |
ghuin,
Ghàidhlig, agh, lagh |
|
p
→ ph |
f |
Like
English <f> |
phòs,
pholl, phàiste |
|
t
→ th |
h |
Like
English <h> |
tha,
math, màthair, athair |
|
s
→ sh |
h |
Like
English <h> |
shon,
shuidh, shad |
|
f
→ fh |
- |
Not
pronounced |
fhalt,
fhuil, fhón |
Download suathaich02
Slender:
| b →
bh |
vʲ |
Like
English <v>, sometimes followed by /j/ a sound similar to
<y> in <yes> |
bheil,
leibh, bhile, bheò |
| m
→ mh |
vʲ |
Like
English <v>, sometimes followed by /j/ a sound similar to
<y> in <yes> |
mhì,
mhill, mheall |
| c
→ ch |
ç |
Like
<h> in <hue> or <ch> in German <ich> |
chì,
faiche, cheannaich |
| d
→ dh |
ʝ |
Like
<y> in <yes> |
dheas,
dhiubh, dhealaich, suidh, Scalpaidh |
| g
→ g |
ʝ |
Like
<y> in <yes> |
gheal,
ghille, ghealach, laigh |
| p
→ ph |
fʲ |
Like
English <f>, sometimes followed by /j/ a sound similar to
<y> in <yes> |
phìos,
phiuthar, pheann |
| t
→ th |
h |
Like
<h> in <hue> |
thig,
thill, ithe, féith |
| s
→ sh |
h |
Like
<h> in <hue> |
shìn,
sheall, sheinn |
| f
→ fh |
- |
Not
pronounced |
fhear,
fhios |
NOTE: There is a small number
of words with
fh
which are pronounced as
h:
fhéin, fhalbh,
fhathast.
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